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Air Weapons and the Law – A Guide To Keeping & Using Them Safely AND Legally.

by | Apr 22, 2023 | Criminal Law, Firearms, General News | 0 comments

Possession and use of Air Weapons

All You Need to Know About Possession and Use of Air Weapons and the law.

What are Air Weapons and when can they be used?

The advice here concerns ‘lethal barrelled’ air weapons – those with muzzle energy of more than 1 joule. Guns below this threshold, and qualifying ‘airsoft’ guns, are not regarded as firearms.

Air weapons with muzzle energy greater than 12 foot-pounds may only be held on a firearm certificate issued by local police forces.

Air pistols with muzzle energies greater than 6 foot-pounds (and certain other air weapons) are prohibited and may not be possessed without the authority of the Secretary of State.

Where and when can air weapons be used?

Air weapons can be used for a number of purposes including target shooting, vermin control and hunting small ground game. However, if you have never shot before, you would be well advised to go to a shooting club with an air weapons section and learn from a qualified instructor how to handle your air weapon safely and responsibly and become an accurate shot.

You might find that target shooting provides all the challenge you need or you might want to move on to shooting live quarry. If you intend to shoot live quarry, you must be careful only to do so on private property on which you have permission to shoot.

Remember that it is a dangeous weapon

In the wrong hands, an air weapon can cause serious injury or even kill. Follow the common sense rules below to reduce the risk of an accident:

  • always treat an air weapon as though it were loaded
  • only point an air weapon in a safe direction, preferably at the ground, and never at another person.
  • never load an air weapon until you are ready to fire it
  • never fire an air weapon unless you are certain that the shot will be safe. This means checking that there is nothing and no one nearby who might be endangered and ensuring that there is a suitable backstop or pellet catcher to prevent ricochets
  • never rely on a safety catch to make an air weapon safe: such devices can fail
  • never put a loaded air weapon down. Always safely discharge or unload and uncock it first
  • cover air weapons when you transport them, e.g. in a gun slip
  • never store a loaded air weapon.
  • air weapons should be stored out of sight and separately from pellets
  • air weapons should be stored inside a house rather than in an outbuilding, such as a garden shed
  • consider ways of rendering a stored air weapon incapable of being fired

Keep air weapons away from children

It is an offence for a person in possession of an air weapon to fail to take reasonable precautions to prevent a person under the age of 18 from gaining unauthorised access to it.

‘Reasonable precautions’ means that when a child is present an air weapon must be:

  • stored securely
  • out of sight
  • separately from ammunition

Keep air weapons within sight

Keep it under close supervision at all times and never leave it unattended. Where you have no option but to put your air weapon down for short periods, unload it and gather up all the ammunition.

Steps should then be taken to prevent anyone under the age of 18 from gaining unauthorised access to it. This could include attaching it to a fixed object using a security cord or similar device, or locking it out of sight in a car.

Remember your legal obligations

Apart from some exceptions, you do not need a certificate to have an air weapon in England and Wales.

Lethal barrelled air weapons are classed as firearms and regulated by firearms legislation. You must make sure that you know the law with regards to firearms and keep within it. In addition to the duty, mentioned above, to take reasonable precautions to prevent unauthorised access:

  • it is an offence to intentionally or recklessly kill certain wild animals and birds
  • it is an offence to intentionally or recklessly kill a pet animal or knowingly cause a pet animal to suffer unnecessarily, which could be committed by shooting at a pet animal
  • it is an offence for a person under the age of 18 to purchase or hire an air weapon or ammunition for an air weapon
  • it is an offence to sell, let on hire or make a gift of an air weapon or ammunition for an air weapon to a person under the age of 18
  • it is an offence for anyone under the age of 18 to have with them an air weapon or ammunition for an air weapon unless:
    • they are under the supervision of a person aged 21 or over
    • they are shooting as a member of an approved target shooting club
    • they are shooting at a shooting gallery and the only firearms being used are either air weapons or miniature rifles as defined in the Firearms Act 1968
    • the person is 14 years old or above and is on private premises with the consent of the occupier
  • it is an offence to part with possession of an air weapon, or ammunition for an air weapon, to a person under the age of 18 except under the special circumstances mentioned immediately above
  • it is an offence for any person to use an air weapon for firing a pellet beyond the boundaries of any premises
  • it is an offence for a supervising adult to allow a person under the age of 18 to use an air weapon for firing a pellet beyond the boundaries of any premises
  • it is an offence to have an air weapon in a public place without a reasonable excuse. It is ultimately for the courts to decide what a reasonable excuse is. However, it might include carrying a weapon to and from a shooting club, or taking a new weapon home from a dealer
  • it is an offence to trespass with an air weapon
  • it is an offence to have an air weapon if you are prohibited from possessing a firearm. Anyone sentenced to a term of imprisonment of between 3 months and 3 years (including suspended sentences) is prohibited from possessing an air weapon or other firearm or ammunition for 5 years. Anyone who has been sentenced to 3 years or more is prohibited for life
  • it is an offence to fire an air weapon without lawful authority or excuse within 50 feet (15 metres) of the centre of a public road in such a way as to cause a road user to be injured, interrupted or endangered
  • it is an offence to have an air weapon with intent to damage or to destroy property, or to be reckless as to whether property would be damaged or destroyed
  • it is an offence to have an air weapon with intent to endanger life

How We Can Help

If you are in doubt as to legal obligations in relation to firearms do not hesitate to get in touch, all of our solicitors have an in-depth understanding of the laws relating to firearms and ammunition. If in doubt, check it out first. Call us on 0161 477 1121 or email us.